Hello World

General

go mod init <name> to initialize your project as a go module
func define a function
varName := value to declare a variable
const keyword to define constants
// used to create comments
functions can be created an assigned to variables within other functions
function arguments must have types declared
function return value must have type declared
(name type) syntax is used to define a name return value
will create a "name" variable and assign a type appropriate zero value to it
can do return instead of return name
default in the switch case will be branched to if none of the other case statements match
public functions start with a capital letter and private ones start with a lowercase

separate domain code from side-effects
ie) separate the creation of a string from the act of printing it
file name needs to follow pattern of xxx_test.go
test function must start with the word TEST
test function takes one argument only t *testing.T
to use the *testing.T type, you need to import "testing"
t.Errorf print a message when a test fails
helper functions, it's a good idea to accept a testing.TB
t.Helper() tells the test suite that this method is a helper
line number reported will be in our function call rather than inside our test helper

Cycle - Write a test - make the compiler pass - run the test, check if it fails - write enough code to make code pass - refactor